Spatio-temporal analysis of water requirement of maize (Zea mays L.) in Haryana state of India

Climate change have a considerable impact on crop water demand (ETc). The present study analyzed the spatio-temporal variation of requirement (ETc), surplus deficit index (CWSDI), and coupling degree ETc effective precipitation (Pe) for maize (Zea mays L.) grown in Haryana State India using ArcMap 10.8 software. was calculated Penman-Monteith method coefficient (Kc) approach 34 years (1985-2018) climatic data. Two statistical models, namely Mann–Kendall test Sen’s slope estimator, were applied to understand trend, while Pettitt's used identify abrupt points by XLSTAT 2021 software.The result showed that ranged from 571 766 mm, CWSDI -29 -74% Pe 0.26 0.71 during 1985-2018. decadal temporal these indices indicated 2007-2018 relatively higher than it 1985-1995 1996-2006. values almost all districts under conditions growing crop.Trend analysis significantly increasing trend CWR most except Jind, Mewat, Palwal, Panchkula, Rewari, Rohtak Yamunanagar.The point detection indicates toward different points, with maximum between 2004–2008.Such information will help farmers management sustainable production climate near future.